One of the prime stages in the process of getting a patent is publication of the patent application in official journal of the patent office. Publication of the application, in India, happens after expiry of 18 months from the date of filing patent application or from the priority date, whichever is earlier. The publication of application happens on its own without any specific request made by the applicant. The date of publication is very crucial because on this date, the patent application is published by the patent office and from this date, the invention forms part of the prior art.
If the applicant wants application to be published before expiry of 18 months, he/she must request for publication of the application before expiry of 18 months by making request in a prescribed manner for “Early Publication”. It is important to note here that provisional application is never published, and it is only the complete specification, which gets published. The advantages and disadvantages of early publication of the application are as below:
Withdrawal of application
Upon publication of the application, the invention forms the part of prior art. However, Indian patent law gives a chance to the applicant to withdraw application within 15 months from the date of filing and such withdrawal makes sure that confidentiality of the invention is maintained. In such a case, the inventor can further work on the invention and file the patent application again. If the applicant has opted for early publication, he loses the chance to withdraw the application.
Pre-grant opposition
The pre-grant opposition can be filed by any person, upon publication of the application and anytime before grant of the patent provided examination fee has been paid. Thereby, early publication certainly gives more time for the opponents for pre-grant opposition
Rights and Privileges of the patent holder
On and from the date of publication of application for the patent and until grant of the patent, the applicant has rights and privileges of the patent holder as if the patent for the invention has been granted to him on the date of publication, provided that the applicant shall not be entitled to institute any proceedings for infringement until the patent is granted. Moreover, in case of any infringement, the applicant can claim damages from the date of publication. Here, the applicant gets the advantages if he opts for early publication.
Infringement proceedings
No suit or other proceedings shall be commenced or prosecuted in respect of an infringement committed before date of publication of the application, meaning that publication of the application is critical to initiate any suit or any other proceeding.
Expedited Examination
As per the recent amendments and the provision of the Expedited Examination for certain categories of applicants, the early publication to be filed by the applicant to seek the benefit of Expediated Examination.
The period within which the Controller shall refer the application and specification and other documents to the examiner in respect of the applications where the request for examination has been received shall ordinarily be one month from the date of its publication or one month from the date of the request for examination whichever is later. Hence, it may be conclude that early publication of the application for a patent has certain advantages as well as disadvantages which shall be taken into account depending upon the circumstances and preferences of the applicant.
Author: Bindu Sharma
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